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flyer 2024 1.jpgBogwangsa Temple – 보광사 (Cheongsong, Gyeongsangbuk-do)
There are numerous Bogwangsa Temples in Korea, but this Bogwangsa Temple is located in Cheongsong, Gyeongsangbuk-do to the north of Mt. Bogwangsan (435.1 m). While there’s no clear evidence as to when Bogwangsa Temple was first founded, it’s believed to have been first established in 668 A.D. by the famed monk Uisang-daesa (625-702 A.D.). However, this date seems to be unreliable, as Uisang-daesa was still studying in Tang Dynasty China (618–690, 705–907 A.D.) until 671 A.D. According to the “Yeojidoseo,” or “Collected Chronicles and Maps, 1765” in English, “Bogwangsa Temple is located five li (two kilometres) south of the local administrative office. The temple is a guardian temple for the tomb of Shim Hong-bu.” From this quote, we can discern that the temple was a prayer hall for the Cheongsong Shim clan.
During the reign of King Sejong (r. 1418-1450), Queen Soheon (1395-1446), who was a Shim of Cheongsong, had King Sejong designate the temple to protect the tomb of the progenitor of the Shim clan. As a result, a garden, a memorial, and the Manse-ru Pavilion were all built in and around Bogwangsa Temple. Thus, it’s believed that the Manse-ru Pavilion was first built in 1428 and later rebuilt by the Shim clan in 1856. And it was rebuilt, once more, in 1958 by Shim Sang-gak, who was the 22nd generation grandson of Shim Hong-bu.
In 1979, the governor of the region had the historic Geukrak-jeon Hall repaired. It was around this time that an inscription on the main beam of the Geukrak-jeon Hall’s structure that showed that the shrine hall was built in 1615. And in 1995, the Samseong-gak Hall was built. More recently, the entire temple grounds have undergone an extensive reconstruction including the Geukrak-jeon Hall.
There are two provincial treasures at Bogwangsa Temple. They are the Manse-ru Pavilion, which is Gyeongsangbuk-do Cultural Material #72; and the “Geukrak-jeon Stone Amita-bul Triad of Bogwangsa Temple in Cheongsong,” which is Gyeongsangbuk-do Cultural Material #541. Additionally, the Geukrak-jeon Hall is Korean Treasure #1840.
Temple LayoutYou first approach Bogwangsa Temple up a long country road. The first signs that you’re nearing the temple grounds are the modern turtle-based stele out in front of the temple grounds. A little further along, and past the temple parking lot, is the aforementioned Manse-ru Pavilion that separates the outer from the inner portion of the main temple courtyard. The Manse-ru Pavilion is a two-story structure. The first story simply supports the second story of the structure. As for the second story, it’s used for larger meetings.
Passing to the right of the Manse-ru Pavillion, and having stepped into the main temple courtyard, you’ll first notice the diminutive Geukrak-jeon Hall in front of you. Out in front of the main hall is an equally smaller sized three-story pagoda. Before heading up the stairs that lead up to the Geukrak-jeon Hall, you’ll notice a pair of modern stone lanterns on either side of the stone stairs.
The exterior walls of the Geukrak-jeon Hall are adorned in simple dancheong colours. Stepping inside the main hall, you’ll be welcomed by a main altar occupied by the “Geukrak-jeon Stone Amita-bul Triad of Bogwangsa Temple in Cheongsong.” In the centre of this triad sits an image of Amita-bul (The Buddha of the Western Paradise), who is joined on either side by statues of Gwanseeum-bosal (The Bodhisattva of Compassion) and Daesaeji-bosal (The Bodhisattva of Wisdom and Power for Amita-bul). According to the original text discovered on the clothing of the statues, it was determined that the triad was constructed in 1735 by the monk-sculptor Yeo Cheol. The central image of Amita-bul is slender and strong in appearance, while the two accompanying Bodhisattvas wear crowns on their heads as long hair flows down towards their shoulders. This triad is then backed by a new main altar mural. And on the far left wall is a modern Shinjung Taenghwa (Guardian Mural).
To the left of the Geukrak-jeon Hall is the temple’s Samseong-gak Hall. Slightly elevated, and all but unadorned, you’ll be welcomed inside the shaman shrine hall by a triad of paintings of Korea’s most popular shaman deities. The first of the three, and hanging on the far left wall, is an elaborate mural dedicated to Sanshin (The Mountain Spirit). This mural is then joined on the main altar by an older mural dedicated to Chilseong (The Seven Stars) and Dokseong (The Lonely Saint).
The other building on the temple grounds, and to the right of the main hall, is the nuns’ dorms and temple’s kitchen.
How To Get ThereThe easiest and fastest way to get to Bogwangsa Temple is to take a taxi from the Cheongsong Intercity Bus Terminal. By taxi, it should take about 5 minutes, or 2.6 km, and it’ll cost you around 5,000 won (one way).
Overall Rating: 6/10Bogwangsa Temple’s royal past, and its connection to King Sejong, makes the temple far more interesting. Additionally, the Manse-ru Pavilion and historic Geukrak-jeon Hall are stunning examples of Buddhist architecture. Also, the main altar triad inside the Geukrak-jeon Hall is rather unique in design. You can also enjoy the elaborate Sanshin (Mountain Spirit) mural housed inside the Samseong-gak Hall. While smaller in size, and with only a couple of shrine halls for visitors to explore, Bogwangsa Temple is still worth a visit, especially if you’re in the area.
Arriving at Bogwangsa Temple. The Manse-ru Pavilion at the temple. A look inside the second-story of the Manse-ru Pavilion. The nuns’ dorms, temple dog, and three-story pagoda all in one shot. The Geukrak-jeon Hall. One of only two paintings that adorns the exterior of the Geukrak-jeon Hall. The main altar inside the Geukrak-jeon Hall of the “Geukrak-jeon Stone Amita-bul Triad of Bogwangsa Temple in Cheongsong.” The Samseong-gak Hall at Bogwangsa Temple. And the modern painting of Sanshin (The Mountain Spirit) inside.—Dale's Korean Temple Adventures YouTube
Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Hwangsang-dong – 구미 황상동 마애여래입상 (Gumi, Gyeongsangbuk-do)
The “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Hwangsang-dong” is located in northeastern Gumi, Gyeongsangbuk-do hidden behind a row of factory buildings. These factories shield people from being able to see this high relief image of Amita-bul (The Buddha of the Western Paradise) from the road.
It’s presumed that this high relief carving of a standing Amita-bul was first made around the turn of Unified Silla (668-935 A.D.) and Goryeo (918-1392) periods in the 10th century. The relief is carved on the southeastern surface of a huge rock cliff. The image measures an impressive 7.3 metres in height. In addition to both its age and height, the high relief image is Korean Treasure #1122.
According to a legend, a general was being chased by the enemy, but his life was saved by a woman who helped him hide behind a large rock. Later, the general considered this woman to be a Buddha, so he had an image of Amita-bul carved onto this rock. This would become the “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Hwangsang-dong.”
As for the design of the high relief image, Amita-bul has a large protruding bump on its head. This is meant to symbolize his wisdom. The three creases around his neck represent the “three destinies” of affliction, actions, and suffering. His eyes are gently closed. It also has a thin nose and small lips. Both of its ears are elongated. The robe of Amita-bul hangs lightly over the arms. The hands are raised to its chest, and the statue has the left hand with the palm turned inward and the right hand has its palm turned outward. A flat stone was placed atop the rock cliff to serve as a protective canopy for the statue.
How To Get ThereThe simplest way to get to the “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Hwangsang-dong” from the Gumi Intercity Bus Terminal is to take a taxi. The ride should take about 15 minutes, over 13 km, and it’ll cost you 13,000 won (one way).
Otherwise, you can take Bus #900 from the Gumi Intercity Bus Terminal. You’ll need to take this bus for 10 minutes and get off at the “금오공대입구 – Geumo Gonddae-ipgu” bus stop. From this bus stop, you can catch either Bus #90 or Bus #93. You’ll need to take this bus for 11 stops, or 12 minutes, and get off at the “델코전지 하차 – Delko Jeonji” bus stop. From where the bus drops you off, you’ll need to head north for about 800 minutes, or 13 minutes, and look for the “미애사 – Miaesa Temple” sign. The “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Hwangsang-dong” is to the left rear of a large factory building.
Overall Rating: 4/10There’s a modern temple next to the “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Hwangsang-dong” named Miaesa Temple. But rather obviously, the main highlight in the area is the high relief image of Amita-bul. The large 7.3 metre tall image is impressive in both its size and elegant design. When visiting this image of Amita-bul, take your time to take it all in. This image is a masterful representation of Unified Silla/Goryeo design.
The “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Hwangsang-dong” as you first approach it from the road. Mounting the stairs towards the high relief image of Amita-bul (The Buddha of the Western Paradise). Nearing the altar and the 7.3 tall image. The image from the left. A close-up from the front. A look at the image’s two hands. The image from the right. And an up-close of Amita-bul from the right.—Dale's Korean Temple Adventures YouTube
Billy Go’s Korean Conversation Course | #10: Korea – 한국
We're halfway finished with my free natural Korean conversation course! In this lesson, Keykat makes another appearance, and two friends talk about Korea.
The post Billy Go’s Korean Conversation Course | #10: Korea – 한국 appeared first on Learn Korean with GO! Billy Korean.
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'Learning in a Time of Abundance' (Chpt 4: This is at Least Partially an Education Problem)
The EdTechWeekly gang continues its discussion of Dave's new book, Learning in a Time of Abundance.
This week: Chapter 4 - This is at Least Partially an Education Problem
We continue the conversation next week.
June 10, 2300 UTC (7pm EDT)
Global Times
Sections (as determined and not-so-accurately described by Zoom's AI)
Summary
The team discussed Dave's book "Learning in a Time of Abundance", focusing on the differences between learning and education, and the challenges and potential of educational reform. They also explored the role and limitations of AI in education, emphasizing the need for a nuanced and context-based approach, and the importance of human interaction and empathy in certain fields. The discussion concluded with the team planning to cover more book chapters, collaborate on a project to prepare learning materials, and Jeff encouraging the use of a chat app for realistic conversations.
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Easy Korean Vocabulary | Lesson 7. Nature in Korean 자연
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Yeonmisa Temple – 연미사 (Andong, Gyeongsangbuk-do)
Yeonmisa Temple, which means “Swallow Tail Temple” in English, is located in northern Andong, Gyeongsangbuk-do. It’s believed that the temple was first founded in 634 A.D. by the monk Myeongdeok and then rebuilt twice. After its founding, very little is known about the temple’s history. During the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392), the area that Yeonmisa Temple is located was a popular place for officials traveling in the area between provinces. This area is now known as Jebiwon.
During the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910), the temple fell into disrepair. It was only later, and during Japanese Colonial Rule (1910-45), that Yeonmisa Temple was rebuilt in 1918. The temple was rebuilt on the former site of Yeonmisa Temple. And it was further restored in both 1943 and 1947. In 1978, the Daeung-jeon Hall was extended and the temple paintings were added in 1986. Now the temple is run by nuns.
Yeonmisa Temple is also home to the “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Icheon-dong,” which is Korean Treasure #115. According to a legend, the Buddha carving was commissioned by a famous mason. However, his student was more skilled. So one day, while the student was working on the relief, the teacher removed the ladder. Then the master turned into a swallow and flew away up into the sky. This is one source of the temple’s name. Another legend has it that the Yosache (monks’ dorms) was located to the rear of the relief, which made it look like a swallow’s tail.
The “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Icheon-dong” in 1933. (Courtesy of the National Museum of Korea). Just the damaged head of the “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Icheon-dong” in 1933. (Courtesy of the National Museum of Korea). Temple LayoutAs you approach the temple grounds, you’ll notice that there are a collection of buildings at Yeonmisa Temple. In the centre of these buildings is the Daeung-jeon Hall. The exterior walls to the Daeung-jeon Hall are adorned with the Shimu-do (Ox-Herding Murals). Additionally, the front floral latticework is stunning. Stepping inside the Daeung-jeon Hall, and resting on the main altar, are a triad of statues centred by Seokgamoni-bul (The Historical Buddha). This central image is joined on either side by statues of Munsu-bosal (The Bodhisattva of Wisdom) and Bohyeon-bosal (The Bodhisattva of Power). To the right of this triad is an orangish painting dedicated to Sanshin (The Mountain Spirit). And to the left of the main altar are two additional murals. One of these paintings is dedicated to Chilseong (The Seven Stars), while the other is a Shinjung Taenghwa (Guardian Mural).
To the right of the Daeung-jeon Hall are a collection of buildings that include the nuns’ dorms, administrative offices, and the temple parking lot. But it’s to the left of the main hall, and down a short path, that you’ll find the main highlight at the temple: the “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Icheon-dong.” Along the way, there are several smaller statues of various Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, as well as a coin collecting statue of a jovial Podae-hwasang (The Hempen Bag).
Finally arriving at the “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Icheon-dong,” which is also known as the “Jebiwon-seokbul,” you’ll find yourself looking up at the 12.38 metre tall image of Amita-bul (The Buddha of the Western Paradise). The image was created in two parts. This was a common method done during the Goryeo Dynasty. The head of Amita-bul was first sculpted and then attached to the image carved on the rock wall. The back of the head of the statue was completely destroyed; however, the front of the head was left intact. The protruding part on top of the Buddha’s head, which symbolizes supreme wisdom, is relatively high. It has long eyes and thick lips that are serenely smiling. Despite its large size and large body, the statue is well-balanced.
The image of Amita-bul stands on a lotus pedestal. There are folds in the robe, and it covers both of the shoulders to the statue of Amita-bul. The index fingers and middle fingers of each hand are placed together. The left hand is placed on its chests, while the right hand is situated on the stomach. There is still a little bit of orange paint left on the head, which indicates that the statue used to be painted (at least in part). It’s believed that the image was carved sometime in the 11th century. This style of large Buddha statues was a dominant style of folk Buddha statues created during the Goryeo Dynasty.
You can get a better idea of the full size of the statue, if you stand in the nearby park at some distance. It’s also at the base of the rock that somewhat obscures the full image of the statue that you can read an inscription that reads “이미타불” (Amita-bul).
How To Get ThereTo get to Yeonmisa Temple from the Andong Intercity Bus Terminal, you’ll need to take Bus #56. After 13 stops, or 22 minutes, you’ll need to get off at the “이천동 석불상하차 – Icheon-dong Seokbulsang” bus stop. From where the bus drops you off, you’ll need to walk about 200 metres, or 5 minutes, to get to the temple grounds.
You can take a bus, or you can simply take a taxi from the Andong Intercity Bus Terminal to get to Yeonmisa Temple. The ride should take about 12 minutes and cost about 9,000 won (one way).
Overall Rating: 6/10By far, the main highlight at Yeonmisa Temple is the impressive “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Icheon-dong.” Standing over 12 metres in height, comprised of two pieces, and dating back to the Goryeo Dynasty, it’s no wonder that this image of Amita-bul is the central highlight to any visit to Yeonmisa Temple. Other things to keep a look out for is the artwork around the Daeung-jeon Hall, as well as the image of Sanshin (The Mountain Spirit) inside the main hall and the floral latticework outside the main hall.
The signboard for the Daeung-jeon Hall at Yeonmisa Temple. Some of the floral latticework that adorns the main hall. And one of the Shimu-do (Ox-Herding Murals) that adorns the exterior of the Daeung-jeon Hall. The main altar inside the Daeung-jeon Hall. The mural of Sanshin (The Mountain Spirit) inside the main hall. The pathway leading towards the “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Icheon-dong.” Rounding the corner to see the 12 metre tall “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Icheon-dong.” From a distance. And a bit closer look at the “Rock-carved Standing Buddha in Icheon-dong.”—Dale's Korean Temple Adventures YouTube
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monk1.jpg monk2.jpg monk3.jpg monk4.jpgKorean classes in June!
Busan's Korean Language Institute For Foreigners (KLIFF) is offering classes for everyone. Make a change by learning Korean this season. The teachers at KLIFF can help!
Think it takes a year to speak Korean well? Think again! In just a month we can get you speaking with the locals!
KLIFF is located in two convenient locations: PNU and Haeundae.
We have as many as 9 levels of Korean ability for you to choose from. We also offer special lectures targeted toward the Korean proficiency test.
We're open from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m. Monday through Saturday, and available Sunday, too!
Questions or need directions? Feel free to call us any time at 010-9108-6594, or email to [email protected]. You can also check us out at www.kliff.co.kr.
See the map below to our PNU location, call or see our website for Haeundae classes.
Busan's Korean Language Institute For Foreigners (KLIFF) is offering classes for everyone. Make a change by learning Korean this season. The teachers at KLIFF can help!
Think it takes a year to speak Korean well? Think again! In just a month we can get you speaking with the locals!
KLIFF is located in two convenient locations: PNU and Haeundae.
We have as many as 9 levels of Korean ability for you to choose from. We also offer special lectures targeted toward the Korean proficiency test.
We're open from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m. Monday through Saturday, and available Sunday, too!
Questions or need directions? Feel free to call us any time at 010-9108-6594, or email to [email protected]. You can also check us out at www.kliff.co.kr.
See the map below to our PNU location, call or see our website for Haeundae classes.
'Learning in a Time of Abundance' (Chpt 3: How Abundance is a Problem for Learning)
The EdTechWeekly gang continues its discussion of Dave's new book, Learning in a Time of Abundance.
This week: Chapter - How Abundance is a Problem for Learning
We continue the conversation next week.
June 3, 2300 UTC (7pm EDT)
Global Times
Links Mentioned
- Dave’s Uncertainty Conference #ShrugCon
- Howard Rheingold Crap Detection
- Everest Queue Slide from Dave's Presentation
- SNL Skit: Should You Chime In On This?
- Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management
- Info for Dave's Solar Panel Question Talk to real folks at TerrawattSolar or get assessments from ChatGPT's or Perplexity
Sections (as determined and not-so-accurately described by Zoom's AI)
Summary
Reality Check: 5 Lessons Black People Learn in Korea
Curious about being Black in Korea? In this video, we share 5 important lessons and benefits of living as a Black person in Korea. Life in Korea is full of surprises!
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